INTP

工作

这类人善于解决抽象问题。他们经纶满腹,时能闪现出创造的睿 智火花。他们外表恬静,内心专注,总忙于分析问题。他们目光挑剔 ,独立性极高。   

对于这类人,事业满意源自这样的工作:能酝酿新观念;专心负 责某一创造性流程,而不是最终产品。在解决复杂问题时,能让他们 跳出常规的框框,冒一定风险去寻求最佳解决方案。  


讲究合理性,喜欢理论和抽象的事物,好奇心重,更喜欢构建思想,不太关注环境和人。喜欢单独工作,强调对自己的观点和方法拥有最大的自主权。

对组织的贡献
Ø 为组织设计理性、复杂的系统
Ø 在处理错综复杂的问题中显示出其专业性
Ø 同时拥有理智的短期和长期目标
Ø 提供理智的、分析的、批评的思维方式
Ø 关注核心问题

领导模式
Ø 在概念上分析问题和目标
Ø 提供逻辑思维模式
Ø 追求自主性的同时,也关注他人独立的领导模式
Ø 依据他人的专业知识而非职位与其交往
Ø 追求与他人智慧上的交流而非情感交流

学习模式
Ø 个体化学习方式,不设置开始与结束,只根据自己感兴趣的深度进行学习
Ø 广泛的、概念性的、能挑战智慧的学习方式

倾向性顺序
(1)思维,(2)直觉,(3)感觉,(4)情感

解决问题模式
Ø 在寻求各种可能的选择时,喜欢以自身内部的逻辑建构问题和解决问题
Ø 为获取最佳结果,需要同时关注现实状况和他人的需求

工作环境倾向性
Ø 喜欢与独立的思考者、关注解决复杂问题的人共事
Ø 环境中允许个体有充足的时间和空间进行思考
Ø 能培养思维独立性和创造性的环境
Ø 能提供灵活的政策和程序的环境
Ø 安静、尽可能少地开会的环境
Ø 非结构化和非官僚作风的环境
Ø 奖励自我决定的环境

潜在的缺点
Ø 过于抽象,因而坚持下去不太符合现实需要
Ø 过于理性化,解释起来太理论化
Ø 过多注意团队中一些小的不一致的地方
Ø 可能以批评式分析的方式对待人们,行动不考虑个体感受

发展建议
Ø 需要关注现实中的细节,确立完成任务的具体步骤
Ø 需要简单地陈述事实
Ø 为获得他人的合作,需要放弃细小的问题
Ø 需要更好地认识他人,更多地表达对他人的赞赏

INTP:电脑软件设计师、系统分析人员、研究开发专业人员、战 略规划师、金融规划师、信息服务开发商、变革管理顾问、企业金融 律师。   

生活

对INTP类型的人来说,最重要的是自己的隐私不受侵犯,并以自己独特的方式解决复杂的问题。INTP人勤于思考和分析,有时他们甚至会把周围的世界忘得一干二净而沉浸于深深的思索中。

对INTP人更精确一点的描述是:若有人的理解捎有偏颇,他们就会指正出来或想方设法指正出来。也正是INTP人的这种敏锐的辨别力使得他们在诸如语法学、语言学等方面比别人有天生的优势。

在大多数情况下,INTP人能随遇而安、通情达理,他们不愿在众目睽睽下表现自己;除非当他们的原则遭到破坏时,他们才会直言不讳、坦率地站出来说话,然后马上回到友好的气氛中默默无闻。

INTP 人总会有一种失败感,担心在接下来的事情中会失败。他们在辩论时,与其是在说服对方,还不如是在说服他们自己。就这一点而言,INTJ人是完全不同于INTP人的,他们对自己的能力相当有信心,只要是自己深信的,他们就敢于去做。

所以复杂的系统,诸如数学、语言、计算机都是INTP人所喜欢并愿意努力去尝试的。对系统的了解、探索、掌握和操纵往往是INTP人无意识的行为,他们能完全忘我地将奇妙的逻辑系统、相互联系的子系统与环境分离并表达出来;对他们而言,完成任务只是次要的。

对INTP人的描述:
独立而娴静;思维宽广而富有创新精神;好奇而有上进心;理智随和而适应能力强;有主见而不盲目附从。

爱情

一板一眼的学者型(INTP)

若你是一个学者型

信息是你的原动力。如果不是你在研究分析、储存记忆这些信息,这个世界将会是愚昧的。

你有一种奇异的能力,能够将原始的资料铸模成原创的、复杂的理论,去解释事情是如何发生及为何发生的。对你而言,生命是一系列永无止境的理论,它需要不断被证明或反证。

当你恋爱时

作为一个学者型,你对恋人而言很可能是一个谜。你可以以非常敏锐且理性的思维,和任何人周旋在智慧的逻辑循环中。

某个曾经和学者型交往的女人说出了以下的话:

“他说是喜欢争论所有事情。有一天晚上我提出了一个很简单的请求,但在我还没来得及反应之前,他就已经把我所有的话扭曲了,他认为是我无理取闹。这一切起源只不过是我想看一场爱情电影,而他要看科幻电影。”

学者型对笨蛋可是一点耐心也没有。你的情人必须反应灵敏、有智慧、同时可以跟得上你兴奋且快速的大量想法和计划。外貌虽然有影响,但是当你在选择一个一辈子的伴侣时,最重要的是考量对方的智力。

虽然你一开始被某人吸引时,在情感上也许会短暂失控,但是你很快地就会调整回来,重新开始逻辑性地思考。

你很快地就会从一段感情开始时的甜蜜话语像是“我是如何地爱着你。”瞬间回到实际的情况,例如:“这个人在哪些方面符合我的要求?关于我的理想恋人该具有何种逻辑性的周详计划。”

不管你的伴侣是多么的好或多么的吸引人,在你付出爱情之前,他或她必须先满足你对逻辑性的要求。

你的最佳恋爱类型

纵使学者型的人是很罕见的(只占人口的大约3%),他们却强烈地倾向相互吸引。但是,我们的研究却显示,两个学者型的配对并不快乐,因为他们在感情上注入相同的缺点。在这些可能发生的问题当中,包括缺乏一段感情中微妙感觉的意识,学者型倾向的人也容易以他们自己的想像去解决问题,而不是去和他们的伴侣沟通。

因此,对于学者型而言,比较好的配对如下:

若你是一个女性学者型

和你最相配的是专家型(INTJ)、陆军元帅型(ENTJ)和发明家型(ENTP)。

若你和一个陆军元帅配对,你们两人将享受一段充满竞争和革新的感情。当你的伴侣是一个专家型或发明家型时,两人可以在共同讨论改造世界的伟大计划时,加入智慧型的对话和辩论。

若你是一个男性学者型

你的理想恋人是女性作家型(INFJ)。她那哲学性的人格特质将吸引你,并且帮助你接近个性中温柔感情的一面。

请注意:作为一个男性学者型,也许在评估一段感情,并且做出情感的决定时会有困难。

结果是你也许会被外表夺目、看似感性的女人所着迷,比如说表演者型(ESFP)或是记者型(ENFP)。

虽然这些具有吸引力的女人在一开始时看起来,似乎令人觉得无法抗拒,但在长久的关系中,你会觉得她们独特的行为、不负责任的个性会使你发疯。

若你的理想情人是一个学者型

在哪里可以遇到一个学者型情人?

要找到一个学者型,你可以出席一些知识分子、专家学者和有品位的男人和女人聚集的地方或活动。

请可以试试以下的建议:

*品酒会和美酒鉴赏俱乐部

*古典音乐和爵士音乐会

*艺术表演和艺术品拍买会

*音乐社团和俱乐部

*国际标准舞教室

*棋艺社

*科幻小说俱乐部

*电脑展

*高教育程度单身者俱乐部

*单身爱书者俱乐部

*当地学院中的工程学系

*电脑俱乐部

*假使真的想遇见所谓的教育家型情人,请赶快连接到他们最爱的乐园之一:互联网。

多莉丝是一个25岁的语言学家,她本来对于在网络上认识她的理想恋人深表怀疑。但是和两位都在网络上遇见她们未婚夫的朋友聊过后,她决定姑且一试。

首先她从她的线上服务找到一间迎合知识分子的聊天室。她终于在网络上找到了她的去处—一间名为“大学教授寻找爱情”的聊天室。

多莉丝在第3次进入该聊天室时遇到她的理想情人威尔森。威尔森是一个33岁的学者,是长春藤联盟中一所大学的教授,也是一个绝顶聪明、有趣和朴实的人。

在他通过电子邮件寄给她的照片和他们接下来的交谈当中,她发现威尔森正是她喜欢的类型。

在8个月的浪漫电子邮件来往之后,威尔森终于与多莉丝碰面。他们没有浪费半点时间。威尔森已经准备好了戒指,他们在3天后就结婚了。

如何与一个学者型情人约会?

让他谈论理论性的或学术性的话题。若你是某方面的专家,你也可以谈论那方面的话题。

学者型的人很尊重那些在他们不懂的领域中有能力的人。当和一个学者型聊天时,若他不断询问你很多听起来和主题无关的问题,请别担心。作为一个观察者(P),学者型喜欢探索很多不同的途径和意见;他们的好奇心是无止境的。

*约会锦囊:利用智力谜题攻势。

由于学者型会因智力挑战而兴奋,要捉住他们注意力的一个高明策略,就是请他们帮忙解答一些很难处理的头脑风暴问题。

雷切尔是一个28岁的未婚硕士,在历时6年和一堆男生不匹配的交往后,她最后利用智力谜题攻势,吸引了她学者型爱人的注意。

当她第一次见到班恩时,雷切尔呆住了。班恩是一个27岁的电子工程师,是她电脑班上最出色的男生,有一头金黄色的头发和非常美国化的笑容。

但他也是她遇见的男生中最害羞的一个;雷切尔很清楚如果要等班恩来约她几乎是天方夜谭。他们的电脑课快要结束了,雷切尔越来越焦急,她想要与她梦中的白马王子搭上关系。

从她的观察显示班恩是一个学者型,雷切尔决定利用智力谜题来吸引班恩的注意。在课程的最后一天,她坐在班恩旁边,并且一面玩着魔方。

在下课时,她手足无措地搓玩着魔方,脸色显得越来越沮丧。“我快要疯了!”她嘀咕着,但确定声量足以让班恩听见。起先班恩没理她,但是当她越来越恼怒时,他开始注意她了。

终于他怯生生地望着她并且低声道:“可以让我试试吗?”

雷切尔深深吸了一口气回答说:“哦,你可以帮助我吗?我已经试了好几个星期仍然无法搞定这个东西。”

下课后,班恩帮她把魔方问题解决了,之后和她一起共进午餐。雷切尔和班恩如今已订婚了,现在惟一的问题是要邀请多少人参加他们的婚礼。

如何赢得学者型情人的爱?

你可以带学者型的人到科学博物馆,和他谈论天体物理学,或任何吸引他求知欲并且能让他了解世界是如何运作的题材。

作为一个内向者(I),学者型享受和你共享独处的时间,或是和一小群亲近的朋友在一起。他们喜欢钻入智慧型的讨论,这时候便是用你的知识迷惑他的最佳良机。

**锦囊:引起你的学者型情人对新意见、

理论和系统的追求。

找一本你的学者型情人不太了解的书(你有兴趣的)念给他听,或是要他读给你听。然后和他讨论并争辩书中的内容。挑战他的观点,刺激他针对你们刚才讨论的话题,发展出独特的想法或不同的见解。

你也可以问问对方是否知道比荣格的类型学更好的感情类别分类方法。一旦你提出这个问题,他会热烈地投入该讨论,并且提出他的想法。通过这样的方式,你和另一半将会紧紧把彼此锁在一种只能够经由分享智慧和讨论的关系中。

虽然这种靠近爱情的方式,对某些恋爱类型而言似乎太机械化且毫无感情,却是吸引大脑型的学者型情人的好方法。

如果通过这样的方法,能挑起学者型的兴趣并且挑战他的智慧,我想你已经确定赢得了他的心。

如何和学者型情人拥有美好的性关系?

也许得投注不少的时间和精神,才能够和一个学者型情人拥有较舒服的性关系。由于学者型不太懂得表达他们的感情,他们在床上也许显得有点冷淡。

纵使如此,学者型并不是没有爱心的。只不过他们分享亲密感觉的方式和别人不一样:他们会追求生命中任何复杂神秘的知识,包括*。

**锦囊:利用刺激的智慧型对话作为前戏。

要挑起一个学者型的热情,最重要的是点燃他的脑力。你的学者型情人需要和你有智慧型的沟通,以便让他相信你是一个值得参与他追求真理和了解之旅的人。

先介绍一段学者型情人感兴趣的理论性或有争议性的话题,挑起激情前把话题讨论带至最高峰。谨记:越是能够挖掘一个学者型情人的脑袋,他或她越是能够以*的热情回应你。

如何和学者型情人维持一段长久的关系?

学者型情人可以给你求知的欲望、对未来的憧憬和一段随意、有弹性而且十分投入的感情。

另一方面,和一个学者型情人展开一段长久的关系,肯定是一件具挑战性的事情。以下是一些可以证明此项论点的重要研究发现:

*已婚女性学者型是16种恋爱类型中最不快乐的。

*嫁给男性学者型的女人,不管她们本身是何种恋爱类型,通常都对她们的婚姻不满意。

*男性学者型,是16种恋爱类型中在感情面最健忘的。结果是,一个男性学者型会以为他的感情状况非常好,但是他的伴侣却会很沮丧地离去。

*不论性别,学者型都倾向拥有最短暂的婚姻。

相当多的学者型并不关注他们的情感面,也不注意伴侣对情感的需求。同时,由于本身内向的个性,学者型也许不能适应社会礼仪,而造成很尴尬、很愚笨、甚至让他们较懂人情世故的伴侣在别人面前丢脸。

现在,来说一些好消息吧:学者型可以是可塑性很高且很好的伴侣,只要他们能努力改善自身的缺点,并且善于利用他们人格中的长处,也就是超强的想像力和温顺的性格,来加强他们的人际关系。当他们这样做的时候,学者型将可以享受非常成功的感情和婚姻关系。

综述

The Thinker

As an INTP, your primary mode of living is focused internally, where you deal with things rationally and logically. Your secondary mode is external, where you take things in primarily via your intuition.

INTPs live in the world of theoretical possibilities. They see everything in terms of how it could be improved, or what it could be turned into. They live primarily inside their own minds, having the ability to analyze difficult problems, identify patterns, and come up with logical explanations. They seek clarity in everything, and are therefore driven to build knowledge. They are the "absent-minded professors", who highly value intelligence and the ability to apply logic to theories to find solutions. They typically are so strongly driven to turn problems into logical explanations, that they live much of their lives within their own heads, and may not place as much importance or value on the external world. Their natural drive to turn theories into concrete understanding may turn into a feeling of personal responsibility to solve theoretical problems, and help society move towards a higher understanding.

INTPs value knowledge above all else. Their minds are constantly working to generate new theories, or to prove or disprove existing theories. They approach problems and theories with enthusiasm and skepticism, ignoring existing rules and opinions and defining their own approach to the resolution. They seek patterns and logical explanations for anything that interests them. They're usually extremely bright, and able to be objectively critical in their analysis. They love new ideas, and become very excited over abstractions and theories. They love to discuss these concepts with others. They may seem "dreamy" and distant to others, because they spend a lot of time inside their minds musing over theories. They hate to work on routine things - they would much prefer to build complex theoretical solutions, and leave the implementation of the system to others. They are intensely interested in theory, and will put forth tremendous amounts of time and energy into finding a solution to a problem with has piqued their interest.

INTPs do not like to lead or control people. They're very tolerant and flexible in most situations, unless one of their firmly held beliefs has been violated or challenged, in which case they may take a very rigid stance. The INTP is likely to be very shy when it comes to meeting new people. On the other hand, the INTP is very self-confident and gregarious around people they know well, or when discussing theories which they fully understand.

The INTP has no understanding or value for decisions made on the basis of personal subjectivity or feelings. They strive constantly to achieve logical conclusions to problems, and don't understand the importance or relevance of applying subjective emotional considerations to decisions. For this reason, INTPs are usually not in-tune with how people are feeling, and are not naturally well-equiped to meet the emotional needs of others.

The INTP may have a problem with self-aggrandizement and social rebellion, which will interfere with their creative potential. Since their Feeling side is their least developed trait, the INTP may have difficulty giving the warmth and support that is sometimes necessary in intimate relationships. If the INTP doesn't realize the value of attending to other people's feelings, he or she may become overly critical and sarcastic with others. If the INTP is not able to find a place for themself which supports the use of their strongest abilities, they may become generally negative and cynical. If the INTP has not developed their Sensing side sufficiently, they may become unaware of their environment, and exhibit weakness in performing maintenance-type tasks, such as bill-paying and dressing appropriately.

For the INTP, it is extremely important that ideas and facts are expressed correctly and succinctly. They are likely to express themselves in what they believe to be absolute truths. Sometimes, their well thought-out understanding of an idea is not easily understandable by others, but the INTP is not naturally likely to tailor the truth so as to explain it in an understandable way to others. The INTP may be prone to abandoning a project once they have figured it out, moving on to the next thing. It's important that the INTP place importance on expressing their developed theories in understandable ways. In the end, an amazing discovery means nothing if you are the only person who understands it.

The INTP is usually very independent, unconventional, and original. They are not likely to place much value on traditional goals such as popularity and security. They usually have complex characters, and may tend to be restless and temperamental. They are strongly ingenious, and have unconventional thought patterns which allows them to analyze ideas in new ways. Consequently, a lot of scientific breakthroughs in the world have been made by the INTP.

The INTP is at his best when he can work on his theories independently. When given an environment which supports his creative genius and possible eccentricity, the INTP can accomplish truly remarkable things. These are the pioneers of new thoughts in our society.

成长

What does Success mean to an INTP?

People with the INTP personality type are global thinkers. They see everything as one giant Entity that is connected, and seek knowledge about that Entity. They constantly seek the Truth, and have ultimate respect for the Truth. It is not easy for the INTP to reach a conclusion about the Truth. Their auxiliary function of Extraverted Intuition allows them to absorb the many complexities in our world, and they are driven to consider each of these complexities before reaching a conclusion. Once they have reached a conclusion, or discovered a Truth, they are *very* particular about the way that Truth is expressed and understood. They want to know that the principles of their understanding have been understood correctly, and demand absolute precision and correctness from others when describing these principles. They also apply these standards to themselves when communicating their knowledge. If they take the time to develop their communication so that it meets their own approval, they can be extremely good educational writers.

In addition to their immense respect for metaphysical principles, facts, and Truths, the INTP highly respects logic and the way that the mind works logically when seeking to master some subject or situation. They get great pleasure from engaging in logical acts that require quick, spatial reasoning, such as mind games, or time-based IQ tests. The INTP shines in this realm. Introverted Thinking is an "action-based" kind of logic. In the case of the INTP (as opposed to ISTP), the action may or may not occur in a physical place outside of the INTP's mind, but it is experienced with lightning speed in the current moment, based on current objects, using subjectively understood "actions" of reason.

The INTP is happiest in situations in which they can use logic regularly in an effort to uncover Truths about the Entity. Their ability to be effective in these efforts, as well as their ability to deal with people and feel comfortable with their place in the world, will be in large part dependent on the development of Extraverted Intuition. Although they have more simple needs from interpersonal relationships than most other types have, it's very important that they keep up their extraverted relationships, rather than going it alone. INTPs who isolate themselves rarely feel happy or successful. The INTP's feeling of success depends upon their opportunities to exercise their active mind, their opportunities to seek and find Truth, and the condition of their relationships and extraverted life.

Allowing Your INTP Strengths to Flourish

As an INTP, you have gifts that are specific to your personality type that aren't natural strengths for other types. By recognizing your special gifts and encouraging their growth and development, you will more readily see your place in the world, and be more content with your role.

Nearly all INTPs will recognize the following characteristics in themselves. They should embrace and nourish these strengths:
 
  • They have a natural ability to focus and get "into the zone" when working on a problem. They can absorb their minds completely with an issue, and work it through with amazing speed and accuracy. This ability makes them outstanding trouble-shooters. Since their logical abilities are dependent on their experiences, their abilities will increase with time. INTPs with experience are often seen as the "gurus" of their professions.
  • Their respect for precision in communication lends them the ability to accurately convey their ideas and discoveries in full.
  • They are usually quite intelligent and can grasp difficult concepts.
  • They are often jovial and good-natured, with a good sense of humor.
  • They are not overly demanding in personal relationships, and have simple daily needs. They are often easy and enjoyable to live with.
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    INTPs who have developed their Extraverted Intuition to the extent that they regularly take in information in an objective fashion, rather than strictly to feed Introverted Thinking, will enjoy these special gifts:
     
  • They may be exceptionally intelligent, and make ground-breaking discoveries.
  • With a well-developed understanding of their environment and the ability to act very quickly, they may good athletes.
  • They're typically able to communicate their ideas more concisely than the average INTP without sacrificing accuracy.
  • They understand the benefits of close relationships, and understand how to support and enhance these relationships.
  • They see the value of principles that are not strictly logical
  • They have attractive and compelling personalities, and are well-liked and accepted by most people.
  • Potential Problem Areas

    With any gift of strength, there is an associated weakness. Without "bad", there would be no "good". Without "difficult", there would be no "easy". We value our strengths, but we often curse and ignore our weaknesses. To grow as a person and get what we want out of life, we must not only capitalize upon our strengths, but also face our weaknesses and deal with them. That means taking a hard look at our personality type's potential problem areas.

    Most of the weaker characteristics that are found in INTPs are due to their dominant function of Introverted Thinking overtaking the personality to the point that all of the other functions exist merely to serve the purposes of Introverted Thinking. In such cases, an INTP may show some or all of the following weaknesses in varying degrees:

  • The INTP gets "stuck in a rut" and only does those things that are known and comfortable to the INTP.
  • The INTP resists and rejects anything that doesn't support their own experiential understanding of the world. If they perceive that something is not logical, they reject it as unimportant.
  • They reject people who think or live differently than themselves.
  • They may be extremely caustic and insulting to others.
  • They may become isolated from society.
  • They may become overly paranoid about social organizations and institutions trying to control them.
  • They may unknowingly or uncaringly hurt people's feelings.
  • They may be completely unaware of how to express their inner world to others in a meaningful way.
  • They may be completely unaware of the type of communication that is often desireable and (to some degree) expected in an intimate relationship. If they are aware of the kinds of things that are appropriate to say and do to foster emotional bonding, they may be unable to appreciate the value of such actions. They may feel too vulnerable to express themselves in this fashion, and so reject the entire idea.
  • If pushed beyond their comfort level to form commitments or emotional bonds, they may reject a relationship entirely.
  • Under stress, they may show intense emotions that seem disproportionate to the situation.
  • They may not recognize basic social principles, such as appropriate dress and general behavior.
  • Explanation of Problems

    Nearly all of the problematic characteristics described above can be attributed in various degrees to the common INTP problem of only taking in information that relates to or supports their own life experience. The INTP is driven to work with and understand his or her world by applying logic (an immediate, spatial, "fuzzy" logic) to the current situation. Although they generally seek to uncover truths, they don't always have a goal in mind to achieve from the logical process. The act or process of using logic is rewarding to the INTP. In their zeal for the satisfaction that comes from mastering a problem or situation, INTPs often selectively choose to put themselves in situations in which they have the opportunity to exercise these skills. That's certainly not a problem. Most personality types choose to do the things that they're best at most often. Such is the nature of capitalizing upon our strengths. The problem rears its ugly head when the goal of the INTP becomes to achieve their personal satisfaction at all costs.

    It is healthy to choose your paths and goals in life so that they coincide with what you find rewarding, and what you're really good at. However, it sometimes happens that we take this approach a bit too far and sacrifice an accurate and objective understanding of the world for a more narrow vision that is easier and comfortable for us to deal with. The INTP affects this problem when they stop taking in information in a truly objective sense, and instead only take in information that can be worked through logically.

    The dominant function of the INTP is Introverted Thinking. This function is supported closely and importantly by the auxiliary function of Extraverted Intuition. Extraverted Intuition perceives the world and sends information into the psyche, where it is processed by Introverted Thinking. An INTP who uses their Extraverted Intuition function in a diminished way is one who perceives information for the sole purpose of feeding Introverted Thinking, rather than taking everything in objectively. They are less concerned with understanding something for the sake of understanding than they are with feeding a piece of data into their Thinking function. Information that is not logical is dismissed as unimportant. They may reject information that is not consistent with their logical view of themselves, or with their understanding of a situation. Well-developed Extraverted Intuition perceives situations with depth and global understanding. It recognizes possibilities. Introverted Thinking makes conclusions. If an INTP's psyche is serving the purposes of Introverted Thinking above all else, then logical conclusions become more important than possibilities. In such cases, the INTP picks and chooses information from Extraverted Intuition that is interesting to them from the perspective of reaching logical conclusions. This keeps the INTP focused on reaching logical conclusions, but it prevents them from taking in any information that doesn't work well with their logical functioning. This includes things like love, emotions, social expectations, etc. These things are very important to many people in the world, and cannot be discarded from consideration if one hopes to really understand other people and the society that we live in. When the INTP dismisses the importance of data that can't be handled by their Thinking function, they are dismissing the importance of ideas that are central to half of the personality types' way of life (approximately half of the human population uses Feeling primarily for decision making). An INTP who wants to understand people and wants to recognize value in both logical and nonlogical ideas will strive to take in as much information as possible about the world for the purposes of improving their understanding,

    The INTP who suffers from diminished use of Extraverted Intuition is likely to be very cutting and derisive towards people who express disagreement with the INTP. Without a sufficiently diverse perception of the Extraverted world, the INTP is unlikely to understand the principles of human interaction, and is unlikely to recognize the tremendous value of getting along with others and having good relationships.

    For example, an INTP that I know (Bob) and his wife recently adopted a 7 year old girl (Kelly). The family lives in a foreign country and make it back to the U.S. for Christmas most years. Last year, Bob's relatives from the U.S. spoiled Kelly with lots of Christmas gifts to let her know that she was welcome and valued in their family. When Bob and his family left the country after Christmas, they did not bring any of Kelly's Christmas gifts with them. Bob's relatives were all extremely hurt and upset by this fact. When they confronted Bob about this, he claimed that they were wrong. He said that he had done the packing himself and was sure that nothing had been left behind. Bob's family has a large stack of clothes and toys that were meant for Kelly, but Bob insists to this day that they are wrong. He is not seeing the situation objectively with Extraverted Intuition. Rather, he dismisses the evidence because it doesn't support his own vision of himself or of that particular situation.

    The INTP's inferior (fourth) function is Extraverted Feeling. This means that the INTP is not naturally in tune with how other people are feeling, or with social expectations. In fact, the INTP is likely to reject the importance of social rituals, rules, and expectations. This is a natural weak point for the INTP, which no doubt causes strife to the INTP and their love partner. This weakness can be overcome by developing their Extraverted Intuition to the point that they can perceive Feeling type expectations in the external world. They don't have to use Extraverted Feeling to understand how to act in situations. They can perceive the expected behavior from their Extraverted Intuition function. However, if they are restricting their incoming data to only those things that support their existing way of life, then they are not learning from Extraverted Intuition at all. They are not growing their understanding of social and intimate behaviors - rather, they are reducing the importance of this type of understanding to their own life. In these situations, INTPs shy away from very close personal relationships, and feel more vulnerable and less sure of themselves in situations that involve expressing their emotions. In extreme cases, they reject social interaction entirely. They tend to dislike everyone, and interact with the world with the primary purpose of getting rid of the offending person. Most INTPs will have bad days during which they don't much feel like dealing with people. The problem occurs when every day becomes a bad day.

    Solutions

    To grow as an individual, the INTP needs to focus on taking in as much information as possible through Extraverted Intuition. He or she needs to allow themself to get into situations that they aren't necessarily comfortable with, or that are different from the situations that they would normally choose in life. The INTP learns from experience, so the best way for the INTP to grow as a person is to open him or herself to new experiences. Be aware of the tendency to want to run out and do something "new" that is actually just a different opportunity to exercise a known skill. Your task, as a person interested in personal growth, is to understand the world in a truly objective fashion, and how you fit into the world, rather than how the world fits into your life.

    The INTP should also pay close attention to their motivations when perceiving new information. Are they perceiving with an open mind or with an agenda? Are they seeking to truly understand something, or are they more concerned with turning the information into a logical conclusion? Seek first to understand, then to judge.

    Living Happily in our World as an INTP

    The problems that INTPs have with regards to fitting into our world are not usually related to platonic friendships. Usually, the INTP has trouble finding and maintaining a love relationship. The INTP usually has relatively simple needs and expectations from their mates, and they're surprised and confused to find that their mates have more complex demands. They don't understand their mate's needs, and may feel inadequate to meeting them. They get very uncomfortable with a situation as they perceive that they are expected to do something that it unknown to them. They back away from the relationship. They generally mask their fear and discomfort by reducing the importance of the relationship to themselves and others, or by putting the failure off onto the ridiculous expectations of their ex-mate. Outside of a relationship, they feel more unloved and unappreciated, but are afraid to commit to a relationship because they fear rejection and hurt.

    Most INTPs experience relationship difficulties at some point in their lives. The INTP with a well-developed Extraverted Intuition will find relationships more satisfying and easier to deal with. Accordingly, we offer some general suggestions for dealing with relationships, as well as some advice that will help the INTP develop their Extraverted Intuition.

    Specific suggestions:

    • Figure out how you feel about the other person. Do not falsely express love, or lead someone on with your ambivalence.
    • Don't expect yourself to be a master at the "touchy-feely" game. Be yourself, but remember that there is a basic assumption of human decency that must be adhered to in relationships. If you're not sure what that means, take special care to observe how people in "good" committed relationships behave towards each other, so that you can determine where the lines are drawn.
    • Pair yourself with an Extraverted Thinker (ESTJ or ENTJ) who is less likely to assume that the lack of feedback is the same thing as negative feedback.
    • Realize and accept that for you a satisfying relationship will start with the head, and move on towards the heart.
    • Expanding your world and experiences will expand your understanding of human expectations. Try to figure out the personality type of people that you know and encounter in your life.
    • Take care to notice what people look like in different social situations. Notice their hair, makeup (or lack thereof), the condition of their clothes, their shoes, their facial expressions. Don't compare others to your own appearance, simply take notice of it.
    • When having a conversation with a friend or relative, spend at least half of the time talking about them. Concentrate on really understanding where the person is coming from with their concerns. Ask questions.
    • Think of the people who are closest to you. Remember that they have their own lives going on. Try to visualize what that person is doing, and imagine what kinds of things that person is thinking about. Don't pass judgement, just think about it.

    Ten Rules to Live By to Achieve INTP Success

    1. Feed Your Strengths! Realize your gift at mastering logical problems and situations, and give yourself plenty of opportunities to exercise your abilities. Much of your sense of well-being will come from these experiences.
    2. Face Your Weaknesses! We all have weaknesses. Recognizing your weaknesses for what they are (without beating yourself up) will give you the power to change your life for the better.
    3. Talk About Your Thoughts. Discussing your ideas and perceptions with others will help you to develop your Extraverted INtuition, and thus your understanding of the world. How well you use your auxiliary function is very important to your overall health and happiness.
    4. Listen to Everything Try not to dismiss anything immediately. Let it soak in, and then apply judgement. Try not to dismiss things that are alogical - they are not illogical.
    5. Be Aware of Others Understand that everyone has their own lives and their own perspectives. Everyone has something to offer. Try to identify people's personality type.
    6. Recognize Social Principles. Realize that our society functions around some basic social principles, and that our society would fail unless those principles are recognized and upheld. In a democracy, people vote. At a red stoplight, people stop. If people stopped voting because it wasn't important them, who would be in power? If people stopped stopping at red stop lights because it didn't fit into their plans, how could we drive safely? Your priorities and plans are important, but you must recognize that the external world's agenda is also important. Don't dismiss the importance of principles that don't affect your life directly.
    7. Get Out of Your Comfort Zone Understand that the only way to grow is to get outside of your comfort zone. If you're uncomfortable with an idea or situation because you're not sure how to act, that's good! That's an opportunity for growth.
    8. Identify and Express Your Feelings You may have a hard time understanding how you feel about someone. It's important that you do figure this out. Don't lead someone on with your ambivalence. If you determine that you value the person, tell them so every time you think of it. This is the best way to make them feel secure in your affections, and so to promote a long-lasting relationship.
    9. Be Accountable for Yourself Remember that no one has more control over your life than you have. Don't be a victim.
    10. Assume the Best. Don't distress yourself with fear and dark expectations. Remember that a positive attitude often creates positive situations.